The Role of Genetic Factors in Increasing the Risk of Developing Type 2 DM

Oct 13, 2025 by magicalceylontours.com 41 views

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease characterized by an increase in blood sugar levels. In Indonesia, the prevalence of DM at productive age (20-79 years) is classified as high, reaching 9.3% in 2019. In North Sumatra Province, the prevalence of DM was diagnosed in 2013 reaching 1.8%. Specifically in the working area of Medan Deli Health Center, the prevalence of DM in 2019 reached 2.58%. This study aims to identify factors related to the events of type 2 DM in productive age in the working area of Medan Deli Health Center in 2020.

Methodology

This study uses a cross-sectional analytical design by involving 84 respondents chosen purposive sampling. Data is collected through questionnaires, measurement of blood pressure, weight, and height. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the events of type 2 DM in productive age with several factors, namely:

Family History of Diabetes Mellitus

The Role of Genetic Factors in Increasing the Risk of Developing Type 2 DM

The results of this study confirm that genetic factors play an important role in increasing the risk of developing DM type 2. Individuals with a family history of DM are more likely to develop the disease. This is because genetic factors can affect the body's ability to produce insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels.

History of Hypertension

Hypertension as a Risk Factor for Type 2 DM

Hypertension is a risk factor that can increase the risk of type 2 DM. The results of this study show that individuals with a history of hypertension are more likely to develop type 2 DM. This is because hypertension can damage the blood vessels and nerves that control blood sugar levels, leading to high blood sugar levels.

Obesity

The Importance of Maintaining Ideal Body Weight in Preventing Type 2 DM

Obesity is a major risk factor for DM type 2. The results of this study show that individuals with a high body mass index (BMI) are more likely to develop type 2 DM. This is because excess weight can lead to insulin resistance, a condition in which the body's cells become less responsive to insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels.

Physical Activity

The Importance of Regular Physical Activity in Preventing Type 2 DM

Lack of physical activity can increase the risk of type 2 DM. The results of this study show that individuals who engage in regular physical activity are less likely to develop type 2 DM. This is because physical activity can help improve insulin sensitivity, reducing the risk of developing type 2 DM.

The Importance of a Healthy Lifestyle in Preventing Diabetes Mellitus

The results of this study confirm the importance of applying a healthy lifestyle to prevent type 2 DM. Here are some tips for maintaining health and reducing the risk of DM:

Consumption of Balanced Nutritional Foods

Limiting the Consumption of Sweet, Fatty, and High Cholesterol Foods

Limiting the consumption of sweet, fatty, and high cholesterol foods can help reduce the risk of developing type 2 DM. Prioritizing the consumption of fruit, vegetables, and high-fiber foods can help improve insulin sensitivity and reduce the risk of developing type 2 DM.

Maintaining Ideal Body Weight

Routinely Doing Exercise and Weight Control to Avoid Obesity

Maintaining ideal body weight can help reduce the risk of developing type 2 DM. Routinely doing exercise and weight control can help improve insulin sensitivity and reduce the risk of developing type 2 DM.

Doing Physical Activity Regularly

Doing Exercise for at Least 30 Minutes Every Day

Doing physical activity regularly can help improve insulin sensitivity and reduce the risk of developing type 2 DM. Doing exercise for at least 30 minutes every day can help improve insulin sensitivity and reduce the risk of developing type 2 DM.

Performing Routine Health Checks

Performing Blood Pressure Checks and Blood Sugar Levels Regularly

Performing routine health checks can help identify individuals who are at risk of developing type 2 DM. Performing blood pressure checks and blood sugar levels regularly can help identify individuals who are at risk of developing type 2 DM.

Medan Deli Puskesmas Support in DM Prevention and Control

It is important for the Medan Deli Health Center to continue to provide optimal education and services in DM prevention and control efforts. Some efforts that can be made include:

Health Socialization and Education

Conducting Socialization about the Dangers of DM and the Importance of Regular Healthy Lifestyles

Conducting socialization about the dangers of DM and the importance of regular healthy lifestyles can help raise awareness about the risk of developing type 2 DM. This can help individuals take steps to prevent and control DM.

Development and Training

Conducting Coaching and Training for People with DM, Including Family, about How to Manage DM and Live a Healthy Lifestyle

Conducting coaching and training for people with DM, including family, about how to manage DM and live a healthy lifestyle can help individuals with DM take control of their health. This can help individuals with DM manage their DM and reduce the risk of developing complications.

Using a Reminder SMS

Sending a Reminder SMS for People with DM to Come for Treatment Regularly

Sending a reminder SMS for people with DM to come for treatment regularly can help individuals with DM stay on track with their treatment plan. This can help individuals with DM manage their DM and reduce the risk of developing complications.

Improvement of PTM Posbindu

Increasing the Role of POSBINDU PTM (Integrated Development Post of Non-Communicable Diseases) as a Place for Screening and Counseling for the Community

Increasing the role of POSBINDU PTM (Integrated Development Post of Non-Communicable Diseases) as a place for screening and counseling for the community can help identify individuals who are at risk of developing type 2 DM. This can help individuals take steps to prevent and control DM.

Conclusion

The events of type 2 DM in productive age in the working area of Medan Deli Health Center are closely related to genetic factors, history of hypertension, obesity, and lack of physical activity. It is important for the community to adopt a healthy lifestyle and conduct regular health checks to prevent and control DM. Medan Deli Health Center also plays an important role in efforts to prevent and control DM through various integrated health programs and services.

Introduction

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by high blood sugar levels, which can lead to serious health complications if left untreated. In this article, we will answer some of the most frequently asked questions about type 2 DM.

Q1: What is type 2 diabetes mellitus?

A1: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by high blood sugar levels. It is caused by a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors, such as obesity, physical inactivity, and a diet high in sugar and unhealthy fats.

Q2: What are the symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

A2: The symptoms of type 2 DM can be mild and may not appear until the disease is advanced. Common symptoms include increased thirst and urination, fatigue, blurred vision, and slow healing of cuts and wounds.

Q3: What are the risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus?

A3: The risk factors for type 2 DM include: family history of DM, obesity, physical inactivity, diet high in sugar and unhealthy fats, and age (over 45 years).

Q4: How is type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosed?

A4: Type 2 DM is diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and laboratory tests, including blood glucose tests and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) tests.

Q5: What is the treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus?

A5: The treatment for type 2 DM includes lifestyle changes, such as a healthy diet and regular physical activity, and medication, such as metformin and insulin.

Q6: Can type 2 diabetes mellitus be prevented?

A6: Yes, type 2 DM can be prevented or delayed through lifestyle changes, such as a healthy diet and regular physical activity, and maintaining a healthy weight.

Q7: What are the complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

A7: The complications of type 2 DM include: heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, nerve damage, and vision loss.

Q8: How can I manage my type 2 diabetes mellitus?

A8: To manage your type 2 DM, you should: follow a healthy diet, engage in regular physical activity, monitor your blood sugar levels, and take your medication as prescribed.

Q9: Can I still have children if I have type 2 diabetes mellitus?

A9: Yes, you can still have children if you have type 2 DM. However, it is essential to work with your healthcare provider to manage your condition and reduce the risk of complications during pregnancy.

Q10: How can I support a loved one with type 2 diabetes mellitus?

A10: To support a loved one with type 2 DM, you should: offer emotional support, help them follow their treatment plan, and encourage them to make healthy lifestyle changes.

Conclusion

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that requires ongoing management and care. By understanding the risk factors, symptoms, and treatment options, you can take steps to prevent or delay the disease. If you or a loved one has type 2 DM, it is essential to work with your healthcare provider to develop a treatment plan and make healthy lifestyle changes.