The Importance of Eating Patterns in Preventing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Oct 13, 2025 by magicalceylontours.com 12 views

The Relationship between Eating and Stress Patterns with the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at the Tanjung Morawa Health Center, Deli Serdang Regency in 2023

Introduction

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a growing global health concern, with alarming rates of prevalence in Asia and Indonesia. According to the International Diabetes Federation, 16.2 percent of the population in Asia suffered from this disease in 2021. In Indonesia, the prevalence of diabetes is equally concerning, reaching 6.2 percent of the total population in 2020. This study aims to investigate the relationship between eating patterns and stress levels with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Tanjung Morawa Health Center, Deli Serdang Regency, in 2023.

Methodology

This study employed a cross-sectional design with accidental sampling techniques, involving 106 people as samples. The data collection process was carried out through interviews using the SQ-FFQ (semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire) and the DASS (Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale) questionnaire, as well as medical record data from the local Puskesmas. The results of the analysis show that of 106 participants, 44 people (41.5 percent) experienced excessive carbohydrate intake, exceeding 120 percent of the nutritional adequacy rate (AKG). In addition, 48 people (45.3 percent) experienced moderate to severe stress.

Results

The results of the study reveal a significant relationship between eating patterns and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Carbohydrate intake (p = 0.0001), protein (p = 0.0001), and fat (p = 0.005) showed a connection with this disease. However, there is no significant relationship between vitamin A intake (p = 0.145) and vitamin C (p = 0.174) with the incidence of diabetes. In addition, the analysis also shows a significant relationship between the level of stress and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus with the value of P = 0.0001.

The Importance of Eating Patterns in Preventing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Unbalanced eating patterns, especially high carbohydrate consumption, can cause an increase in blood sugar levels which in turn contribute to the development of diabetes. This shows the need for public education about the importance of healthy eating patterns in accordance with daily nutritional needs. A balanced diet that includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein sources can help regulate blood sugar levels and reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

The Role of Stress in Metabolic Health

Stress, on the other hand, also plays an important role in metabolic health. Prolonged stress can cause hormonal changes that can affect glucose metabolism and increase the risk of diabetes. Therefore, stress management through relaxation, sports, and social support techniques can be an effective prevention strategy. Engaging in regular physical activity, practicing stress-reducing techniques such as meditation or yoga, and seeking social support from friends and family can help reduce stress levels and improve overall health.

Implications for Public Health

With the results of this study, it is expected that Puskesmas can develop more effective intervention and prevention programs, especially in increasing public awareness of healthy eating patterns and the importance of stress management. Educational programs that educate the public about healthy food choices and stress management techniques can help reduce the prevalence of diabetes in the community, as well as improving the quality of life of individuals who are at risk. By promoting healthy eating patterns and stress management, we can work towards reducing the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and improving overall health outcomes.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of understanding the relationship between eating patterns and stress levels with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The findings of this study underscore the need for public education about healthy eating patterns and stress management techniques. By promoting healthy eating patterns and stress management, we can work towards reducing the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and improving overall health outcomes.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Public education programs should be implemented to educate the public about healthy eating patterns and stress management techniques.
Puskesmas should develop more effective intervention and prevention programs, especially in increasing public awareness of healthy eating patterns and the importance of stress management.
Educational programs that educate the public about healthy food choices and stress management techniques should be implemented to reduce the prevalence of diabetes in the community.
Regular physical activity, stress-reducing techniques, and social support should be promoted as effective prevention strategies for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Limitations

This study has several limitations, including:

The sample size was relatively small, which may limit the generalizability of the findings.
The study only examined the relationship between eating patterns and stress levels with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and did not examine other potential risk factors.
The study relied on self-reported data, which may be subject to bias.

Future Directions

Future studies should aim to:

Examine the relationship between eating patterns and stress levels with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in larger and more diverse samples.
Investigate other potential risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus, such as physical activity levels and socioeconomic status.
Develop and evaluate effective intervention and prevention programs for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Frequently Asked Questions about the Relationship between Eating and Stress Patterns with the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Q: What is the relationship between eating patterns and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

A: The study found a significant relationship between eating patterns and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Carbohydrate intake, protein, and fat showed a connection with this disease. However, there is no significant relationship between vitamin A intake and vitamin C with the incidence of diabetes.

Q: What are the key findings of the study?

A: The study found that:

44 people (41.5 percent) experienced excessive carbohydrate intake, exceeding 120 percent of the nutritional adequacy rate (AKG).
48 people (45.3 percent) experienced moderate to severe stress.
There is a significant relationship between eating patterns and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Carbohydrate intake, protein, and fat showed a connection with this disease.
There is no significant relationship between vitamin A intake and vitamin C with the incidence of diabetes.
There is a significant relationship between the level of stress and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Q: What are the implications of the study for public health?

A: The study highlights the importance of understanding the relationship between eating patterns and stress levels with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The findings of this study underscore the need for public education about healthy eating patterns and stress management techniques. By promoting healthy eating patterns and stress management, we can work towards reducing the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and improving overall health outcomes.

Q: What are the recommendations of the study?

A: Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Public education programs should be implemented to educate the public about healthy eating patterns and stress management techniques.
Puskesmas should develop more effective intervention and prevention programs, especially in increasing public awareness of healthy eating patterns and the importance of stress management.
Educational programs that educate the public about healthy food choices and stress management techniques should be implemented to reduce the prevalence of diabetes in the community.
Regular physical activity, stress-reducing techniques, and social support should be promoted as effective prevention strategies for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Q: What are the limitations of the study?

A: The study has several limitations, including:

The sample size was relatively small, which may limit the generalizability of the findings.
The study only examined the relationship between eating patterns and stress levels with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and did not examine other potential risk factors.
The study relied on self-reported data, which may be subject to bias.

Q: What are the future directions for research?

A: Future studies should aim to:

Examine the relationship between eating patterns and stress levels with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in larger and more diverse samples.
Investigate other potential risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus, such as physical activity levels and socioeconomic status.
Develop and evaluate effective intervention and prevention programs for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Q: How can individuals reduce their risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus?

A: Individuals can reduce their risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus by:

Eating a balanced diet that includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein sources.
Engaging in regular physical activity, such as walking or jogging.
Practicing stress-reducing techniques, such as meditation or yoga.
Getting enough sleep and managing stress levels.
Avoiding excessive carbohydrate intake and choosing healthy fats.

Q: What are the benefits of healthy eating patterns and stress management?

A: Healthy eating patterns and stress management can help reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as improve overall health outcomes. By promoting healthy eating patterns and stress management, we can work towards reducing the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and improving overall health outcomes.