Increasing the risk of complications

Oct 13, 2025 by magicalceylontours.com 118 views

The Relationship Between Multimorbidity and Quality of Life in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention at Adam Malik Hospital, Medan

Introduction

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with a high mortality rate. Patients with AMI often have comorbid factors that worsen their risk and affect their prognosis, making post-intervention evaluation crucial. The quality of life related to the heart is a valuable tool in evaluating post-intervention and comorbidity management strategies. This study aims to determine the relationship between multimorbidity and quality of life in AMI patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at Adam Malik Hospital, Medan.

Background

AMI is a type of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with a high mortality rate. Patients with AMI often have comorbid factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease, which can worsen their risk and affect their prognosis. The quality of life related to the heart is a valuable tool in evaluating post-intervention and comorbidity management strategies. The Euroqol questionnaire based on EQ-5D scores is a widely used tool to measure the quality of life.

Methodology

This study is a retrospective cohort study of AMI patients undergoing PCI at Adam Malik Hospital, Medan. Data was collected from April 2022 until the sample was met. Comorbidity measurements were carried out based on single-comorbidity and multimorbidity. The quality of life was determined based on the EQ-5D index score. Bivariate analysis was carried out to assess the correlation between the two variables. Then, multivariate analysis was carried out to assess comorbidity as a predictor of quality of life.

Results

Of the total 80 AMI patients, 30 (37.5%) patients had good quality of life (EQ-5D index score = 1), and 50 (62.5%) patients had poor quality of life (EQ-5D Index Score <1). There were 41 (51.3%) single-morbid patients and 39 (48.8%) multimorbid patients, with hypertension being the most commonly found comorbidity (62 (77.5%) patients). Based on multivariate analysis, it was found that the strongest relationship with the quality of life was comorbidity (OR = 19,338).

Discussion

The results of this study indicate that comorbidity has a relationship with the quality of life, where multimorbidity can predict a decrease in quality of life in AMI patients after coronary intervention percutaneous. This is important to understand because it shows that AMI patients with multicomorbidities require special attention and treatment to improve their quality of life.

Deeper Analysis

Multicomorbidity can worsen the condition of AMI patients in various ways, including:

Increasing the risk of complications: The presence of comorbidity such as diabetes, hypertension, and chronic kidney failure can increase the risk of post-PCI complications, such as bleeding, stroke, and heart failure.
Reducing tolerance for treatment: Patients with multicomorbidity may have a lower tolerance for treatment, which can affect the effectiveness of therapy and increase the risk of side effects.
Worse about the quality of life: Comorbid conditions can cause various symptoms that can affect the quality of life of the patient, such as pain, fatigue, shortness of breath, and sleep disorders.

Suggestions to Improve the Quality of Life

Based on the results of this study, there are several suggestions that can be applied to improve the quality of life of AMI patients with multicomorbidity:

Optimal comorbidity management: Strict control of comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia are very important to prevent complications and increase prognosis.
Cardiac rehabilitation: Cardiac rehabilitation program can help patients in restoring heart strength and function, as well as studying strategies to manage risk and improve quality of life.
Psychological support: Psychological support can help patients in dealing with stress, anxiety, and depression that may arise after experiencing AMI.
Patient Education: Patients need to be given education about their disease, the importance of treatment and changes in lifestyle, as well as ways to overcome symptoms and complications.

Conclusion

This study shows that multicomorbidity is an important factor that affects the quality of life in AMI patients undergoing PCI. Optimal comorbidity management and efforts to improve the quality of life are very important to improve patient prognosis and welfare. Further research with a larger number of samples and prospective data is needed to confirm this finding.

Limitations

This study has several limitations, namely the limited number of samples and only using retrospective data. Further research with a larger number of samples and prospective data is needed to confirm this finding.

Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations can be made:

Healthcare providers: Healthcare providers should pay attention to the comorbidities of AMI patients and provide optimal comorbidity management to prevent complications and improve prognosis.
Patients: Patients with multicomorbidity should be educated about their disease, the importance of treatment and changes in lifestyle, as well as ways to overcome symptoms and complications.
Healthcare system: The healthcare system should provide adequate resources and support to patients with multicomorbidity to improve their quality of life.

Future Research Directions

Further research is needed to confirm the findings of this study and to explore the relationship between multimorbidity and quality of life in AMI patients undergoing PCI. Some potential future research directions include:

Prospective cohort study: A prospective cohort study can be conducted to confirm the findings of this study and to explore the relationship between multimorbidity and quality of life in AMI patients undergoing PCI.
Large sample size: A larger sample size can be used to confirm the findings of this study and to explore the relationship between multimorbidity and quality of life in AMI patients undergoing PCI.
Multivariate analysis: Multivariate analysis can be used to explore the relationship between multimorbidity and quality of life in AMI patients undergoing PCI, and to identify the factors that affect the quality of life.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study shows that multicomorbidity is an important factor that affects the quality of life in AMI patients undergoing PCI. Optimal comorbidity management and efforts to improve the quality of life are very important to improve patient prognosis and welfare. Further research with a larger number of samples and prospective data is needed to confirm this finding.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About the Relationship Between Multimorbidity and Quality of Life in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients

Q: What is multimorbidity?

A: Multimorbidity refers to the presence of two or more chronic health conditions in an individual. In the context of this study, multimorbidity refers to the presence of two or more comorbidities in AMI patients.

Q: What is the relationship between multimorbidity and quality of life in AMI patients?

A: The results of this study indicate that multimorbidity is associated with a decrease in quality of life in AMI patients. Patients with multimorbidity are more likely to experience symptoms and complications that can affect their quality of life.

Q: What are some common comorbidities found in AMI patients?

A: The most common comorbidities found in AMI patients in this study were hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease.

Q: How can healthcare providers improve the quality of life of AMI patients with multimorbidity?

A: Healthcare providers can improve the quality of life of AMI patients with multimorbidity by providing optimal comorbidity management, cardiac rehabilitation, psychological support, and patient education.

Q: What is the importance of patient education in improving the quality of life of AMI patients with multimorbidity?

A: Patient education is crucial in improving the quality of life of AMI patients with multimorbidity. Patients need to be educated about their disease, the importance of treatment and changes in lifestyle, as well as ways to overcome symptoms and complications.

Q: What are some potential complications that can arise in AMI patients with multimorbidity?

A: Some potential complications that can arise in AMI patients with multimorbidity include bleeding, stroke, heart failure, and kidney failure.

Q: How can healthcare providers prevent complications in AMI patients with multimorbidity?

A: Healthcare providers can prevent complications in AMI patients with multimorbidity by providing optimal comorbidity management, cardiac rehabilitation, and patient education.

Q: What is the role of psychological support in improving the quality of life of AMI patients with multimorbidity?

A: Psychological support is crucial in improving the quality of life of AMI patients with multimorbidity. Patients may experience stress, anxiety, and depression after experiencing AMI, and psychological support can help them cope with these emotions.

Q: What are some potential future research directions in this area?

A: Some potential future research directions in this area include conducting prospective cohort studies, using larger sample sizes, and exploring the relationship between multimorbidity and quality of life in AMI patients undergoing PCI.

Q: What are some limitations of this study?

A: Some limitations of this study include the limited number of samples and the use of retrospective data. Further research with a larger number of samples and prospective data is needed to confirm the findings of this study.

Q: What are some recommendations for healthcare providers, patients, and the healthcare system based on the findings of this study?

A: Some recommendations for healthcare providers, patients, and the healthcare system based on the findings of this study include:

Healthcare providers: Provide optimal comorbidity management, cardiac rehabilitation, and patient education to AMI patients with multimorbidity.
Patients: Educate yourself about your disease, the importance of treatment and changes in lifestyle, as well as ways to overcome symptoms and complications.
Healthcare system: Provide adequate resources and support to patients with multimorbidity to improve their quality of life.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of multimorbidity in affecting the quality of life of AMI patients. Healthcare providers, patients, and the healthcare system must work together to improve the quality of life of AMI patients with multimorbidity. Further research is needed to confirm the findings of this study and to explore the relationship between multimorbidity and quality of life in AMI patients undergoing PCI.