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Oct 13, 2025 by magicalceylontours.com 133 views

Characteristics of Malaria Sufferers in Children at Kedai Sianam Puskesmas in Coal Regency in 2015

Introduction

Malaria is a life-threatening infectious disease caused by protozoa from the genus Plasmodium. This disease in humans is mainly caused by several types of Plasmodium, namely Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium falciparum, and Plasmodium ovale. Malaria transmission occurs through female mosquito bites from the infected Anopheles genus. The disease is a significant public health concern in many parts of the world, including Indonesia. In North Sumatra Province, the annual parasite incident (Annual Parasite Incidence/API) in 2013 was 1.3 per 1,000 population. Batu Bara Regency ranks third for the highest number of malaria cases in North Sumatra with a rate of 7.42 per 1,000 population in 2014. The Kedai Sianam Puskesmas region in 2014 recorded a rate of 17.7 per 1,000 population, making it an area with high malaria endemic areas.

Background

Malaria is a major health problem in many parts of the world, including Indonesia. The disease is caused by the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito, which transmits the parasite to humans. The parasite then multiplies in the liver and infects red blood cells, causing symptoms such as fever, chills, and sweating. Malaria is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in many parts of the world, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions.

Methodology

This study uses a descriptive design with a case series approach. The population studied was all children aged 0-14 years who suffered from malaria. The sample taken is the same as the population, which is 185 children. The data used is secondary data taken from the patient's medical record. Data analysis is carried out descriptively and presented in the form of frequency distribution tables, stem diagrams, and circle diagrams.

Results

The results of this study showed that the highest proportion based on age was in the age group 5-9 years, which accounted for 37.8% of the total sample. In addition, more women suffer from malaria than men, with a percentage reaching 54.6%. The most common symptoms found in sufferers are fever, chills, and sweating, all of which were recorded at 100%. The clinical diagnosis performed shows 65.4% of patients with clinical diagnosis, while the most common type of parasite is Plasmodium vivax, with the same percentage, which is 65.4%. Related to treatment, 65.4% of patients receive treatment using a combination of artemisinin-based therapy (ACT).

Discussion

The results of this study highlight the importance of malaria prevention and control measures in the Kedai Sianam Puskesmas region. The high incidence of malaria in children in this region is a major public health concern, and efforts are needed to reduce the incidence of the disease. The study recommends that health workers at Kedai Sianam Health Center increase health promotion activities related to malaria prevention and collaborate with the community to increase awareness of environmental and family health. People are expected to be more active in using mosquito nets while sleeping, wearing anti-mosquito lotion, and wearing clothes that cover the body when outside the home at night. These efforts are very important to reduce the incidence of malaria, especially in children in the region.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of malaria prevention and control measures in the Kedai Sianam Puskesmas region. The high incidence of malaria in children in this region is a major public health concern, and efforts are needed to reduce the incidence of the disease. The study recommends that health workers at Kedai Sianam Health Center increase health promotion activities related to malaria prevention and collaborate with the community to increase awareness of environmental and family health. With the active participation of all parties, it is hoped that the prevalence of malaria in Batu Bara Regency can decrease and the health of children is maintained.

Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Increase health promotion activities: Health workers at Kedai Sianam Health Center should increase health promotion activities related to malaria prevention.
Collaborate with the community: Health workers should collaborate with the community to increase awareness of environmental and family health.
Use mosquito nets: People should be more active in using mosquito nets while sleeping.
Wear anti-mosquito lotion: People should wear anti-mosquito lotion to prevent mosquito bites.
Wear clothes that cover the body: People should wear clothes that cover the body when outside the home at night.

By implementing these recommendations, it is hoped that the incidence of malaria in children in the Kedai Sianam Puskesmas region can be reduced, and the health of children can be maintained.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Malaria Sufferers in Children at Kedai Sianam Puskesmas in Coal Regency in 2015

Q&A

Q: What is malaria? A: Malaria is a life-threatening infectious disease caused by protozoa from the genus Plasmodium. This disease in humans is mainly caused by several types of Plasmodium, namely Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium falciparum, and Plasmodium ovale.

Q: How is malaria transmitted? A: Malaria transmission occurs through female mosquito bites from the infected Anopheles genus.

Q: What are the symptoms of malaria? A: The most common symptoms of malaria are fever, chills, and sweating.

Q: What is the most common type of parasite that causes malaria? A: The most common type of parasite that causes malaria is Plasmodium vivax, which accounts for 65.4% of the total sample.

Q: What is the recommended treatment for malaria? A: The recommended treatment for malaria is a combination of artemisinin-based therapy (ACT), which is used by 65.4% of patients.

Q: What are the risk factors for malaria in children? A: The risk factors for malaria in children include age (5-9 years), sex (more women suffer from malaria than men), and environmental factors (such as the use of mosquito nets).

Q: What can be done to prevent malaria in children? A: To prevent malaria in children, people should be more active in using mosquito nets while sleeping, wearing anti-mosquito lotion, and wearing clothes that cover the body when outside the home at night.

Q: What is the role of health workers in preventing malaria in children? A: Health workers at Kedai Sianam Health Center should increase health promotion activities related to malaria prevention and collaborate with the community to increase awareness of environmental and family health.

Q: What are the long-term consequences of malaria in children? A: The long-term consequences of malaria in children include anemia, organ damage, and increased risk of death.

Q: How can the incidence of malaria in children be reduced? A: The incidence of malaria in children can be reduced by increasing health promotion activities related to malaria prevention, collaborating with the community to increase awareness of environmental and family health, and using mosquito nets, anti-mosquito lotion, and clothes that cover the body when outside the home at night.

Conclusion

Malaria is a significant public health concern in many parts of the world, including Indonesia. The disease is caused by the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito, which transmits the parasite to humans. The parasite then multiplies in the liver and infects red blood cells, causing symptoms such as fever, chills, and sweating. Malaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in many parts of the world, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. By understanding the risk factors for malaria in children and taking steps to prevent the disease, we can reduce the incidence of malaria and improve the health of children in the Kedai Sianam Puskesmas region.

Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Increase health promotion activities: Health workers at Kedai Sianam Health Center should increase health promotion activities related to malaria prevention.
Collaborate with the community: Health workers should collaborate with the community to increase awareness of environmental and family health.
Use mosquito nets: People should be more active in using mosquito nets while sleeping.
Wear anti-mosquito lotion: People should wear anti-mosquito lotion to prevent mosquito bites.
Wear clothes that cover the body: People should wear clothes that cover the body when outside the home at night.

By implementing these recommendations, it is hoped that the incidence of malaria in children in the Kedai Sianam Puskesmas region can be reduced, and the health of children can be maintained.