Implementing DHF Eradication Program

Oct 13, 2025 by magicalceylontours.com 56 views

The Influence of Physical Environment and Community Behavior on the Incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in the Working Area of the Helvetia Puskesmas Medan City in 2013

Introduction

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a significant public health concern in many parts of the world, including Indonesia. The disease is caused by the dengue virus, which is transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The Helvetia Puskesmas in Medan is one of the areas with a high incidence of DHF, with an incidence rate of 61 per 100,000 population in 2013, far above the national figure of less than 50 per 100,000 population. This study aims to analyze the influence of physical environment and community behavior on the incidence of DHF in the working area of the Helvetia Puskesmas Medan City in 2013.

Background

Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne disease that affects millions of people worldwide. The disease is caused by the dengue virus, which is transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The virus can cause a range of symptoms, from mild to severe, including fever, headache, and muscle and joint pain. In severe cases, the disease can lead to dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), which is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention.

Methodology

This study uses an observational analytic method with a case control design, involving 87 cases of DHF and 87 uninfected controls. Data was collected through interviews and observations, and analyzed using univariate analysis, bivariate with chi square tests, and multivariates through multiple logistics regression tests, as well as calculating population attribute risk.

Results

The results of the analysis showed that several physical and behavioral environment variables were closely related to the events of DHF. The results of the bivariate analysis revealed that the temperature has an odds ratio (OR) of 2,962 (95% CI: 1,598-5,490), lighting OR = 2,717 (95% CI: 1,465-5,040), humidity OR = 2,190 (95% CI: 1,175-4.081), the presence of mosquito larvae OR = 3,188 (95% CI: 1,677-5,794), and the actions of the people OR = 3,464 (95% CI: 1,852-6,478). Multivariate analysis shows that the most dominant variable affects DHF events is the existence of larvae with OR = 5,009 (95% CI: 2,380-10,554), followed by temperature, humidity, and community actions.

Discussion

The results of this study emphasize the importance of improving modified risk factors to prevent DHF. In particular, the existence of mosquito larvae is the most influential variable, so it is recommended to the local government and the Helvetia Puskesmas to implement the DHF eradication program. This includes routine monitoring of larvae and spraying (fogging) as a precautionary step. In addition, the community is expected to play an active role in maintaining the cleanliness of their home environment to prevent mosquito breeding places.

Conclusion

Through this study, it can be concluded that the physical environment and behavior of the community have a significant influence on DHF events. Therefore, collaboration between the government and the community is very necessary in efforts to control this disease. Public awareness of the importance of maintaining a healthy cleanliness and environment can be an effective first step in reducing the risk of DHF cases in the Helvetia Puskesmas and surrounding areas.

Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Implementing DHF Eradication Program: The local government and the Helvetia Puskesmas should implement the DHF eradication program, which includes routine monitoring of larvae and spraying (fogging) as a precautionary step.
Maintaining Cleanliness: The community is expected to play an active role in maintaining the cleanliness of their home environment to prevent mosquito breeding places.
Public Awareness: Public awareness of the importance of maintaining a healthy cleanliness and environment can be an effective first step in reducing the risk of DHF cases in the Helvetia Puskesmas and surrounding areas.
Collaboration between Government and Community: Collaboration between the government and the community is very necessary in efforts to control this disease.

Limitations

This study has several limitations, including:

Small Sample Size: The sample size of this study is relatively small, which may limit the generalizability of the results.
Cross-Sectional Design: The study uses a cross-sectional design, which may not be able to establish causality between the variables.
Limited Variables: The study only examines a limited number of variables, which may not be able to capture the full complexity of the relationship between physical environment, community behavior, and DHF.

Future Research Directions

Future research should aim to:

Examine the Relationship between Physical Environment and DHF: Future studies should examine the relationship between physical environment and DHF in more detail, including the role of temperature, lighting, humidity, and other environmental factors.
Investigate the Impact of Community Behavior on DHF: Future studies should investigate the impact of community behavior on DHF, including the role of attitudes, knowledge, and actions.
Develop Effective Interventions: Future studies should aim to develop effective interventions to prevent DHF, including the implementation of DHF eradication programs and public awareness campaigns.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about the Influence of Physical Environment and Community Behavior on the Incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever

Q: What is Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF)?

A: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a mosquito-borne disease caused by the dengue virus. It can cause a range of symptoms, from mild to severe, including fever, headache, and muscle and joint pain. In severe cases, the disease can lead to DHF, which is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention.

Q: What are the risk factors for DHF?

A: The risk factors for DHF include:

Physical environment: Temperature, lighting, humidity, and the presence of mosquito larvae
Community behavior: Attitudes, knowledge, and actions of the community

Q: What is the role of temperature in the incidence of DHF?

A: The results of this study show that temperature has an odds ratio (OR) of 2,962 (95% CI: 1,598-5,490), indicating that temperature is a significant risk factor for DHF.

Q: What is the role of lighting in the incidence of DHF?

A: The results of this study show that lighting has an odds ratio (OR) of 2,717 (95% CI: 1,465-5,040), indicating that lighting is a significant risk factor for DHF.

Q: What is the role of humidity in the incidence of DHF?

A: The results of this study show that humidity has an odds ratio (OR) of 2,190 (95% CI: 1,175-4.081), indicating that humidity is a significant risk factor for DHF.

Q: What is the role of mosquito larvae in the incidence of DHF?

A: The results of this study show that the presence of mosquito larvae has an odds ratio (OR) of 3,188 (95% CI: 1,677-5,794), indicating that the presence of mosquito larvae is a significant risk factor for DHF.

Q: What is the role of community behavior in the incidence of DHF?

A: The results of this study show that community behavior, including attitudes, knowledge, and actions, has an odds ratio (OR) of 3,464 (95% CI: 1,852-6,478), indicating that community behavior is a significant risk factor for DHF.

Q: What are the recommendations for preventing DHF?

A: The recommendations for preventing DHF include:

Implementing DHF eradication programs
Maintaining cleanliness of the home environment
Public awareness campaigns
Collaboration between government and community

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: The limitations of this study include:

Small sample size
Cross-sectional design
Limited variables

Q: What are the future research directions?

A: The future research directions include:

Examining the relationship between physical environment and DHF
Investigating the impact of community behavior on DHF
Developing effective interventions to prevent DHF

Q: What is the significance of this study?

A: This study highlights the importance of physical environment and community behavior in the incidence of DHF. It emphasizes the need for collaboration between government and community in efforts to control this disease.