Formulation of Liquid Soap

Oct 13, 2025 by magicalceylontours.com 83 views

Introduction

Hand hygiene has become a crucial factor in preventing the spread of diseases caused by microorganism infections. Antiseptic soap, which can kill bacteria, plays a vital role in maintaining hand cleanliness. Pumpkin skin (Cucurbita moschata) contains active compounds such as saponins and flavonoids, which are known to have antibacterial properties. This study aims to examine the potential of yellow pumpkin skin ethanol extract as the main ingredient of antiseptic liquid soap.

Research Purposes

The primary objectives of this research are:

Formulation of Liquid Soap: To formulate liquid soap using a yellow pumpkin ethanol extract.
Analysis of Antibacterial Activity: To analyze the antibacterial activity of the extracts and liquid soap against the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

Research Methods

This research involves several stages, including:

Identification and Characterization of Plants

Analysis of Pumpkin Skin Simplicia: Analysis of the pumpkin skin simplicia, including water content, water soluble juice content, ethanol soluble juice content, total ash content, and insoluble ash levels.
Making Ethanol Extract: Ethanol extract of pumpkin skin pumpkin is made by the percolation method using 96% ethanol solvent.
Phytochemical Screening: An analysis of the content of chemical compounds on simplicia and yellow pumpkin skin extract.

Extract Antibacterial Activity Test

Test Method: The test was carried out using the diffusion method to determine the effectiveness of the extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria.

Liquid Soap Formulation

Concentration of Extract: Liquid soap is formulated with a concentration of 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% yellow skin ethanol extract.

Evaluation of Preparations

Stability Test: Assessment of liquid soap stability for 28 days of storage, including organoleptic tests (shape, odor, color), pH, height and stability of foam, as well as species weight.
Skin Irritation Test: The skin irritation test is also carried out.

Liquid Soap Antibacterial Activity Test

Test Method: The test was carried out using the AOAC 960.09 method on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria.

Research Results

The simplicia analysis shows that pumpkin skin contains alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, glycosides, and saponins. The extract antibacterial activity test showed effective results at a concentration of 10% with a diameter of a 10.63 mm inhibitory zone for Staphylococcus aureus and 12.13 mm for Escherichia coli.

The formulated liquid soap has proven to be physically stable during 28 days of storage and meets the 1996 SNI criteria. This liquid soap also does not irritate the skin with a pH of 6.6-7.1. The antibacterial activity test of liquid soap with a concentration of 7.5% showed the potential to kill Escherichia coli bacteria by 99.95% and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria of 97.42% at contact time of 60 seconds.

Conclusion

Ethanol extract of pumpkin skin can be formulated into liquid soap that meets the 1996 SNI criteria and has effective antibacterial activity. Liquid soap with an extract concentration of 7.5% shows the potential to kill Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria with a contact time of 60 seconds. This study opens opportunities for the development of natural antiseptic liquid soap products that are safe and effective.

Advantages of Liquid Soap Pumpkin Skin Extract

Natural Sources

Natural Ingredients: This soap is made from yellow pumpkin skin extract, natural ingredients that are easily obtained and environmentally friendly.
Antibacterial Activity: This liquid soap is proven to be effective in killing the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, which often causes infection in the skin.
Not Irritating the Skin: This soap has a balanced pH and does not irritate the skin, so it is safe to use.
Stable and Durable: This soap has good and durable physical stability, meets SNI 1996 standards.

Utilization and Recommendations

This study shows the great potential of the Ethanol Extract of Pumpkin Pumpkin as the main ingredient of antiseptic liquid soap. Further research is needed to optimize the concentration of extracts, formulations, and contact time to increase the effectiveness of liquid soap.

It is expected that liquid soap pumpkin skin extract can be an alternative antiseptic product that is safe, effective, and easily accessible to the community, supporting efforts to prevent disease and maintain health.

Future Directions

Optimization of Concentration: Further research is needed to optimize the concentration of extracts to increase the effectiveness of liquid soap.
Formulation Optimization: Optimization of formulations to improve the stability and durability of liquid soap.
Contact Time Optimization: Optimization of contact time to increase the effectiveness of liquid soap.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study demonstrates the potential of liquid soap formulation with liquid skin extract pumpkin yellow (Cucurbita moschata) as an antiseptic. The results show that the formulated liquid soap meets the 1996 SNI criteria and has effective antibacterial activity. This study opens opportunities for the development of natural antiseptic liquid soap products that are safe and effective.

Introduction

In our previous article, we discussed the formulation of liquid soap using liquid skin extract pumpkin yellow (Cucurbita moschata) as an antiseptic. This study aimed to examine the potential of yellow pumpkin skin ethanol extract as the main ingredient of antiseptic liquid soap. In this Q&A article, we will address some of the frequently asked questions related to this study.

Q: What is the purpose of using pumpkin skin extract in liquid soap?

A: Pumpkin skin extract contains active compounds such as saponins and flavonoids, which are known to have antibacterial properties. These compounds can help to kill bacteria and other microorganisms, making the liquid soap more effective in preventing the spread of diseases.

Q: How does the liquid soap formulation with pumpkin skin extract compare to traditional antiseptic soaps?

A: The liquid soap formulation with pumpkin skin extract has been shown to be effective in killing bacteria and other microorganisms, similar to traditional antiseptic soaps. However, the use of natural ingredients and the absence of harsh chemicals make it a more environmentally friendly and safer option.

Q: What are the advantages of using liquid soap with pumpkin skin extract?

A: The liquid soap with pumpkin skin extract has several advantages, including:

Natural ingredients: The soap is made from natural ingredients, making it a more environmentally friendly option.
Antibacterial activity: The soap has been shown to be effective in killing bacteria and other microorganisms.
Not irritating the skin: The soap has a balanced pH and does not irritate the skin, making it safe to use.
Stable and durable: The soap has good and durable physical stability, meeting SNI 1996 standards.

Q: How does the liquid soap with pumpkin skin extract compare to other natural antiseptic soaps?

A: The liquid soap with pumpkin skin extract has been shown to be effective in killing bacteria and other microorganisms, similar to other natural antiseptic soaps. However, the use of pumpkin skin extract as the main ingredient makes it a more unique and effective option.

Q: What are the potential applications of liquid soap with pumpkin skin extract?

A: The liquid soap with pumpkin skin extract has several potential applications, including:

Personal hygiene: The soap can be used for personal hygiene, such as washing hands and body.
Medical applications: The soap can be used in medical settings, such as hospitals and clinics, to prevent the spread of diseases.
Industrial applications: The soap can be used in industrial settings, such as manufacturing and food processing, to prevent the spread of diseases.

Q: What are the future directions for research on liquid soap with pumpkin skin extract?

A: Further research is needed to optimize the concentration of extracts, formulations, and contact time to increase the effectiveness of liquid soap. Additionally, studies on the long-term effects of using liquid soap with pumpkin skin extract are needed to ensure its safety and efficacy.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the liquid soap formulation with liquid skin extract pumpkin yellow (Cucurbita moschata) as an antiseptic has shown promising results in terms of its effectiveness and safety. This study opens opportunities for the development of natural antiseptic liquid soap products that are safe and effective.