Demographic Characteristics of Cataract Sufferers

Oct 13, 2025 by magicalceylontours.com 107 views

Introduction

Cataracts are one of the main causes of blindness worldwide, with data showing that in 2010, cataracts contributed 51% of the total cases of blindness according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In Indonesia, the prevalence of cataracts was recorded at 1.8% based on the Riskesdas 2013. This study aims to understand the characteristics of cataract sufferers at the Adam Malik Hajj Center General Hospital in Medan during the 2017-2018 period.

Methodology

This study uses a descriptive method with a case series design. Of the population consisting of 236 cataract sufferers, 146 samples were obtained. The data collected is then analyzed descriptively using the Chi-Square test. The results show that cataract sufferers come from the age group above 40 years (87%), with a male sex of 51.4%, and the majority of Muslims (51.4%).

Demographic Characteristics of Cataract Sufferers

The most common education among cataract sufferers is high school graduates (47.3%), with the proportion of inactive workers reaching 33.6%. Most respondents came from Medan City (52.7%). The main complaint experienced by sufferers is blurred and foggy vision, experienced by 64.4% of respondents. In this study, senile cataracts were found in 81.5% of patients, and most of them were in the immature cataract stage (67.8%).

Health Characteristics of Cataract Sufferers

In terms of health, around 52.1% of patients did not experience significant vision problems, and 63% of them did not have a history of previous diseases. In terms of medical treatment, 66.4% of patients undergo non-operative treatment, with the most common sources of financing originating from BPJS (87.7%).

Analysis of Cataract Sufferers' Characteristics

Further analysis reveals a significant difference between the proportion of the age of cataract sufferers based on the cataract stage (p = 0,0001). However, there was no significant difference between the proportion of the sex of cataracts based on the cataract stage (p = 0.404). In addition, there is a significant difference between the cataract stage and the medical management received (p = 0,0001).

Conclusion and Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, it is important for the community, especially those over the age of 40 years, to routinely check their eye health. In addition, those who feel vision problems are recommended to immediately conduct an examination in order to get the right treatment. Awareness of the importance of eye examination can help reduce the risk of blindness caused by cataracts.

Implications for Public Health

The findings of this study have significant implications for public health. The high prevalence of cataracts among the population, particularly among those over the age of 40, highlights the need for regular eye check-ups and early detection of cataracts. The study also emphasizes the importance of non-operative treatment, which is the most common treatment modality for cataracts. Furthermore, the study suggests that awareness of the importance of eye examination can help reduce the risk of blindness caused by cataracts.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations. Firstly, the study was conducted at a single hospital, which may not be representative of the general population. Secondly, the study only included patients who were diagnosed with cataracts, which may not be representative of the entire population. Finally, the study did not control for other factors that may influence the development of cataracts, such as lifestyle and environmental factors.

Future Research Directions

Future research should aim to investigate the risk factors for cataracts, including lifestyle and environmental factors. Additionally, studies should be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of non-operative treatment for cataracts. Furthermore, studies should be conducted to investigate the impact of awareness campaigns on the prevention of cataracts.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the characteristics of cataract sufferers at the Adam Malik Malik Hajj Center Hospital in Medan during the 2017-2018 period. The study highlights the importance of regular eye check-ups and early detection of cataracts. The study also emphasizes the importance of non-operative treatment and awareness of the importance of eye examination in reducing the risk of blindness caused by cataracts.

Q: What is a cataract?

A: A cataract is a clouding of the lens in the eye that affects vision. It is a common age-related condition that can cause blurred vision, double vision, and sensitivity to light.

Q: What are the symptoms of cataracts?

A: The symptoms of cataracts can include blurred vision, double vision, sensitivity to light, and difficulty seeing at night. In advanced cases, cataracts can cause complete blindness.

Q: What are the risk factors for cataracts?

A: The risk factors for cataracts include age, family history, diabetes, and exposure to UV radiation. Smoking and obesity are also associated with an increased risk of cataracts.

Q: How are cataracts diagnosed?

A: Cataracts are diagnosed through a comprehensive eye exam, which includes a visual acuity test, a refraction test, and an examination of the lens and retina.

Q: What are the treatment options for cataracts?

A: The treatment options for cataracts include surgery, which involves removing the cloudy lens and replacing it with an artificial lens. Non-surgical treatments, such as glasses or contact lenses, may also be recommended.

Q: What is the prognosis for cataract patients?

A: The prognosis for cataract patients is generally good, with most patients experiencing significant improvement in vision after surgery. However, some patients may experience complications, such as infection or vision loss.

Q: Can cataracts be prevented?

A: While cataracts cannot be completely prevented, there are steps that can be taken to reduce the risk of developing cataracts. These include wearing sunglasses with UV protection, quitting smoking, and maintaining a healthy weight.

Q: How often should cataract patients have follow-up appointments?

A: Cataract patients should have follow-up appointments with their eye doctor as recommended. This may include regular check-ups to monitor the progression of the cataract and to adjust the treatment plan as needed.

Q: Can cataracts be treated with medication?

A: No, cataracts cannot be treated with medication. Surgery is the only effective treatment for cataracts.

Q: How long does cataract surgery take?

A: Cataract surgery typically takes about 30 minutes to an hour to perform. The surgery is usually performed on an outpatient basis, and patients can usually go home the same day.

Q: What are the potential complications of cataract surgery?

A: The potential complications of cataract surgery include infection, vision loss, and retinal detachment. However, these complications are rare and most patients experience a smooth and successful recovery.

Q: How long does it take to recover from cataract surgery?

A: The recovery time for cataract surgery varies from person to person, but most patients can return to their normal activities within a few days. It may take several weeks for the vision to fully stabilize.

Q: Can cataract patients drive after surgery?

A: Yes, most cataract patients can drive after surgery, but it is recommended to wait until the vision has fully stabilized, which may take several weeks.

Q: Can cataract patients wear contact lenses after surgery?

A: Yes, cataract patients can wear contact lenses after surgery, but it is recommended to wait until the vision has fully stabilized, which may take several weeks.

Q: Can cataract patients wear glasses after surgery?

A: Yes, cataract patients can wear glasses after surgery, but it is recommended to wait until the vision has fully stabilized, which may take several weeks.

Q: Can cataract patients have other eye problems after surgery?

A: Yes, cataract patients may be at risk for other eye problems, such as glaucoma, macular degeneration, and retinal detachment. Regular follow-up appointments with an eye doctor can help detect these problems early.