Characteristics of Liquid Waste

Oct 13, 2025 by magicalceylontours.com 92 views

Characterization and Liquid Waste Load The Process of Dissolving Copper Layer (Setting) Printed Circuit Board (PCB) as an Assembly Board of Electronic Components

Introduction

Improving the quality of the environment is a crucial need in technical training centers such as the Medan Technical Teacher Upgrading Center (TTUC). One of the environmental problems encountered is the liquid waste from the Printed Circuit Board (PCB) setting process, which does not meet the quality standards stipulated in the Decree of the Minister of Environment Kep-51/Menlh/10/1995. This study aims to determine the characteristics and load of liquid waste pollution from each setting process that uses three different types of solvents, namely FeCl3, HNO3, and HCl + H2O2. In addition, this study also aims to determine environmentally friendly solvents.

Background

The PCB setting process is a crucial step in the production of electronic components. However, this process generates liquid waste that contains heavy metals, dissolved solids, and suspended solids. The liquid waste from the PCB setting process is not only a threat to the environment but also poses a risk to human health. The use of FeCl3, HNO3, and HCl + H2O2 as solvents in the PCB setting process has been widely practiced, but the characteristics and load of liquid waste pollution from each setting process are not well understood.

Methodology

This study was conducted in Medan TTUC using small-scale laboratory equipment and analysis of chemical parameters in the Analytical Chemical Laboratory. The chemical parameters analyzed include TDS, TSS, PH, Fe, and Cu. The data obtained are then statistically processed and analyzed to determine the characteristics of liquid waste. Pollution load and waste discharge are calculated to determine the quality of liquid waste for each type of solvent and PCB that is environmentally friendly, using the formula listed in the Appendix D Decree of the Minister of Environment Kep-51/MenLH/10/1955.

Experiments

Experiments were carried out using a PCB that had been printed previously. PCB is then put in a container containing the code of solvent material. There are 18 containers because there are three types of solvent material tested and each type is repeated six times. The results showed that the liquid waste was the process of setting PCB with Solvents FeCl3, HNO3, and HCl + H2O2 had color characteristics, were corrosive, containing heavy metals, had a dissolved solid value (TDS) and highly suspended solids (TSS).

Characteristics of Liquid Waste

The liquid waste from the PCB setting process with FeCl3, HNO3, and HCl + H2O2 solvents has the following characteristics:

Color: The liquid waste has a dark brown color, indicating the presence of heavy metals.
Corrosiveness: The liquid waste is highly corrosive, posing a risk to human health and the environment.
Heavy metals: The liquid waste contains heavy metals such as Fe, Cu, and other metals.
Dissolved solids (TDS): The liquid waste has a high TDS value, indicating the presence of dissolved solids.
Suspended solids (TSS): The liquid waste has a high TSS value, indicating the presence of suspended solids.

Pollution Load and Waste Discharge

The pollution load and waste discharge from the PCB setting process with FeCl3, HNO3, and HCl + H2O2 solvents are calculated using the formula listed in the Appendix D Decree of the Minister of Environment Kep-51/MenLH/10/1955. The results showed that the pollution load and waste discharge from the PCB setting process with HCl + H2O2 solvents are lower than other solvent materials.

Comparison of Solvent Materials

The comparison of solvent materials showed that HCl + H2O2 solvents are more environmentally friendly and productive compared to other solvent materials. The use of HCl + H2O2 solvents resulted in a lower TDS and Cu parameter values in liquid waste, indicating a lower pollution load and waste discharge.

Conclusion

Liquid waste from the PCB setting process in TTUC Medan has dangerous characteristics and does not meet quality standards. The use of HCl + H2O2 solvents is more environmentally friendly and productive compared to other solvent materials. Nevertheless, efforts need to be made to reduce the burden of liquid waste pollution in order to meet quality standard standards.

Recommendation

Improved liquid waste treatment system in TTUC Medan.
The use of more environmentally friendly and efficient solvent material.
Setting the PCB setting process to be more controlled and minimize waste.
Increased education and awareness about the importance of management of liquid waste for all stakeholders in TTUC Medan.

The Importance of Research

This study has an important value because it provides information about the characteristics and load of liquid waste pollution process PCB setting process in TTUC Medan. This information can be used as a basis for developing a more effective and efficient liquid waste management strategy. This research can also be a reference material for further research on the management of liquid waste in the electronics industry.

Future Research Directions

Future research directions include:

Developing a more effective and efficient liquid waste management strategy.
Investigating the use of alternative solvent materials.
Studying the impact of liquid waste on human health and the environment.
Developing a monitoring system for liquid waste pollution.

Limitations of the Study

The limitations of this study include:

The study was conducted in a small-scale laboratory setting.
The study only analyzed a limited number of chemical parameters.
The study did not investigate the impact of liquid waste on human health and the environment.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study provides valuable information about the characteristics and load of liquid waste pollution process PCB setting process in TTUC Medan. The use of HCl + H2O2 solvents is more environmentally friendly and productive compared to other solvent materials. Nevertheless, efforts need to be made to reduce the burden of liquid waste pollution in order to meet quality standard standards.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Characterization and Liquid Waste Load The Process of Dissolving Copper Layer (Setting) Printed Circuit Board (PCB)

Q: What is the purpose of this study?

A: The purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics and load of liquid waste pollution from each setting process that uses three different types of solvents, namely FeCl3, HNO3, and HCl + H2O2, and to determine environmentally friendly solvents.

Q: What are the characteristics of liquid waste from the PCB setting process?

A: The liquid waste from the PCB setting process with FeCl3, HNO3, and HCl + H2O2 solvents has the following characteristics:

Color: The liquid waste has a dark brown color, indicating the presence of heavy metals.
Corrosiveness: The liquid waste is highly corrosive, posing a risk to human health and the environment.
Heavy metals: The liquid waste contains heavy metals such as Fe, Cu, and other metals.
Dissolved solids (TDS): The liquid waste has a high TDS value, indicating the presence of dissolved solids.
Suspended solids (TSS): The liquid waste has a high TSS value, indicating the presence of suspended solids.

Q: What is the pollution load and waste discharge from the PCB setting process?

A: The pollution load and waste discharge from the PCB setting process with FeCl3, HNO3, and HCl + H2O2 solvents are calculated using the formula listed in the Appendix D Decree of the Minister of Environment Kep-51/MenLH/10/1955. The results showed that the pollution load and waste discharge from the PCB setting process with HCl + H2O2 solvents are lower than other solvent materials.

Q: Which solvent material is more environmentally friendly and productive?

A: The use of HCl + H2O2 solvents is more environmentally friendly and productive compared to other solvent materials. The use of HCl + H2O2 solvents resulted in a lower TDS and Cu parameter values in liquid waste, indicating a lower pollution load and waste discharge.

Q: What are the recommendations for reducing the burden of liquid waste pollution?

A: The recommendations for reducing the burden of liquid waste pollution include:

Improved liquid waste treatment system in TTUC Medan.
The use of more environmentally friendly and efficient solvent material.
Setting the PCB setting process to be more controlled and minimize waste.
Increased education and awareness about the importance of management of liquid waste for all stakeholders in TTUC Medan.

Q: What are the future research directions?

A: The future research directions include:

Developing a more effective and efficient liquid waste management strategy.
Investigating the use of alternative solvent materials.
Studying the impact of liquid waste on human health and the environment.
Developing a monitoring system for liquid waste pollution.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: The limitations of this study include:

The study was conducted in a small-scale laboratory setting.
The study only analyzed a limited number of chemical parameters.
The study did not investigate the impact of liquid waste on human health and the environment.

Q: What is the importance of this study?

A: This study provides valuable information about the characteristics and load of liquid waste pollution process PCB setting process in TTUC Medan. The use of HCl + H2O2 solvents is more environmentally friendly and productive compared to other solvent materials. Nevertheless, efforts need to be made to reduce the burden of liquid waste pollution in order to meet quality standard standards.

Q: What can be done to reduce the burden of liquid waste pollution?

A: To reduce the burden of liquid waste pollution, the following actions can be taken:

Implementing a more effective and efficient liquid waste management strategy.
Using more environmentally friendly and efficient solvent materials.
Setting the PCB setting process to be more controlled and minimize waste.
Increasing education and awareness about the importance of management of liquid waste for all stakeholders in TTUC Medan.

Q: What are the potential consequences of not reducing the burden of liquid waste pollution?

A: The potential consequences of not reducing the burden of liquid waste pollution include:

Environmental pollution and degradation.
Human health risks and diseases.
Economic losses and costs.
Social and cultural impacts.

Q: What can be done to mitigate the potential consequences of not reducing the burden of liquid waste pollution?

A: To mitigate the potential consequences of not reducing the burden of liquid waste pollution, the following actions can be taken:

Implementing a more effective and efficient liquid waste management strategy.
Using more environmentally friendly and efficient solvent materials.
Setting the PCB setting process to be more controlled and minimize waste.
Increasing education and awareness about the importance of management of liquid waste for all stakeholders in TTUC Medan.