Analysis and Evaluation Results

Oct 13, 2025 by magicalceylontours.com 96 views

Introduction

Wastewater from the pharmaceutical and hospital industry is one of the significant causes of environmental pollution. The discharge of untreated or inadequately treated wastewater into public channels can lead to severe environmental and health consequences. Therefore, this wastewater treatment becomes very important before being discharged into a public channel. However, often limited funds are a major problem in managing hospital waste, especially for small and medium type hospitals. In this context, innovation in wastewater treatment that is cheap and easy to operate is needed.

The treatment of hospital wastewater is a complex process that requires a comprehensive approach. It involves the removal of various pollutants, including chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), suspended solids, ammonia, and detergents. The effectiveness of wastewater treatment depends on the type of treatment technology used, the efficiency of the treatment process, and the quality of the effluent produced.

Background of the General Hospital Dr. Djasamen Saragih

RSUD dr. Djasamen Saragih is a class B hospital located in Pematang Siantar City. The hospital has experienced a significant increase in the number of inpatients, which has led to an increase in the volume of waste produced. According to the annual report, the number of inpatients has increased by an average of 19.92% per year. This increase is directly proportional to the volume of waste produced, which now reaches 130 m³ per day. Therefore, the evaluation and redesign of the waste treatment system becomes very important so that waste management can take place effectively.

The hospital's waste management system is a critical component of its overall operations. The system must be designed to handle the increasing volume of waste produced by the hospital, while also ensuring that the waste is treated and disposed of in an environmentally responsible manner. The hospital's waste management system must also comply with relevant regulations and standards, including those related to wastewater treatment.

Analysis and Evaluation Results

From the evaluation carried out, for the waste capacity of 130 m³ per day, there are several building units that need to be redesigned so that wastewater treatment can function optimally. The BOD reduction results in the processing system show a promising number, reaching 93.328%. BOD reduction efficiency details in each building unit are as follows:

Basin Screen Buffer: 20%
Fluidized Bed Biofilm Reactor Basin: 70%
Settling Basin: 50%
Difusser: 30%
Disinfectant Basin: 20%

The results of the study show that the quality of the resulting Effluent BOD reached 26.68 mg/L, which had met the standards set by the Environmental Regulations. This shows that the processing system applied is quite effective in reducing levels of pollutants in wastewater.

Treatment Technology Used

The treatment technology used in this study is anaerobic-aerobic biofilter technology. This technology is designed to reduce the concentration of COD, BOD, and suspended solids in wastewater. The anaerobic-aerobic biofilter system consists of two main components: the anaerobic reactor and the aerobic reactor. The anaerobic reactor is designed to break down organic matter in the absence of oxygen, while the aerobic reactor is designed to further break down the organic matter in the presence of oxygen.

The anaerobic-aerobic biofilter system has several advantages over other treatment technologies. It is a cost-effective technology that can be easily operated and maintained. It also produces a high-quality effluent that meets the standards set by the Environmental Regulations.

Conclusion and Recommendations

Hospital wastewater treatment is a challenge that requires serious attention, especially for hospitals with limited resources. With the application of anaerobic-aerobic biofilter technology, RSUD Dr. Djasamen Saragih has shown that wastewater treatment can be done efficiently and effectively even in limited funds.

Recommendations for other hospitals that have similar conditions are considering the use of similar systems that are affordable and easy to operate. In addition, further research and development of waste treatment technology must continue to be carried out to produce more efficient and environmentally friendly methods.

With a joint commitment, we can create a cleaner and healthier environment with better wastewater management. The treatment of hospital wastewater is a critical component of environmental protection, and it requires a comprehensive approach that involves the use of effective treatment technologies, efficient treatment processes, and high-quality effluent production.

Future Research Directions

Future research directions in hospital wastewater treatment include:

Development of new treatment technologies: The development of new treatment technologies that are more efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly is essential for improving wastewater treatment.
Improvement of existing treatment technologies: The improvement of existing treatment technologies is also essential for improving wastewater treatment.
Implementation of wastewater treatment in small and medium-sized hospitals: The implementation of wastewater treatment in small and medium-sized hospitals is essential for improving wastewater treatment in these hospitals.
Development of wastewater treatment standards: The development of wastewater treatment standards is essential for ensuring that wastewater treatment meets the required standards.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the treatment of hospital wastewater is a critical component of environmental protection. The use of anaerobic-aerobic biofilter technology has shown that wastewater treatment can be done efficiently and effectively even in limited funds. Recommendations for other hospitals that have similar conditions are considering the use of similar systems that are affordable and easy to operate. In addition, further research and development of waste treatment technology must continue to be carried out to produce more efficient and environmentally friendly methods.

Q1: What is hospital wastewater treatment?

A1: Hospital wastewater treatment is the process of removing pollutants and contaminants from wastewater generated by hospitals. This includes wastewater from patient care areas, laboratories, and other hospital facilities.

Q2: Why is hospital wastewater treatment important?

A2: Hospital wastewater treatment is important because it helps to prevent the release of pollutants and contaminants into the environment, which can harm human health and the environment. It also helps to protect public health by reducing the risk of waterborne diseases.

Q3: What are the common pollutants found in hospital wastewater?

A3: Common pollutants found in hospital wastewater include:

Chemical oxygen demand (COD): a measure of the amount of oxygen required to break down organic matter in wastewater.
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD): a measure of the amount of oxygen required to break down organic matter in wastewater.
Suspended solids: particles that are suspended in wastewater.
Ammonia: a toxic substance that can harm human health and the environment.
Detergents: chemicals used to clean surfaces and equipment.

Q4: What are the treatment technologies used for hospital wastewater treatment?

A4: Common treatment technologies used for hospital wastewater treatment include:

Anaerobic-aerobic biofilter technology: a technology that uses microorganisms to break down organic matter in the absence and presence of oxygen.
Activated sludge process: a technology that uses microorganisms to break down organic matter in the presence of oxygen.
Membrane bioreactor technology: a technology that uses microorganisms to break down organic matter in the presence of oxygen and a membrane to remove suspended solids.

Q5: What are the benefits of using anaerobic-aerobic biofilter technology for hospital wastewater treatment?

A5: The benefits of using anaerobic-aerobic biofilter technology for hospital wastewater treatment include:

Cost-effective: this technology is relatively inexpensive compared to other treatment technologies.
Easy to operate and maintain: this technology is simple to operate and maintain, making it a good choice for small and medium-sized hospitals.
High-quality effluent: this technology produces high-quality effluent that meets the standards set by the Environmental Regulations.

Q6: What are the challenges associated with hospital wastewater treatment?

A6: Common challenges associated with hospital wastewater treatment include:

Limited resources: many hospitals have limited resources, including funding and personnel, to devote to wastewater treatment.
Complexity of treatment technologies: some treatment technologies can be complex and difficult to operate and maintain.
Regulatory requirements: hospitals must comply with regulatory requirements, including those related to wastewater treatment.

Q7: What are the future research directions in hospital wastewater treatment?

A7: Future research directions in hospital wastewater treatment include:

Development of new treatment technologies: the development of new treatment technologies that are more efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly is essential for improving wastewater treatment.
Improvement of existing treatment technologies: the improvement of existing treatment technologies is also essential for improving wastewater treatment.
Implementation of wastewater treatment in small and medium-sized hospitals: the implementation of wastewater treatment in small and medium-sized hospitals is essential for improving wastewater treatment in these hospitals.
Development of wastewater treatment standards: the development of wastewater treatment standards is essential for ensuring that wastewater treatment meets the required standards.

Q8: What are the recommendations for hospitals that have similar conditions to RSUD Dr. Djasamen Saragih?

A8: Recommendations for hospitals that have similar conditions to RSUD Dr. Djasamen Saragih include:

Consider using anaerobic-aerobic biofilter technology: this technology is cost-effective, easy to operate and maintain, and produces high-quality effluent.
Implement wastewater treatment: wastewater treatment is essential for protecting public health and the environment.
Continuously monitor and evaluate wastewater treatment: continuous monitoring and evaluation of wastewater treatment is essential for ensuring that it meets the required standards.

Q9: What are the benefits of implementing wastewater treatment in hospitals?

A9: The benefits of implementing wastewater treatment in hospitals include:

Protection of public health: wastewater treatment helps to prevent the release of pollutants and contaminants into the environment, which can harm human health.
Protection of the environment: wastewater treatment helps to prevent the release of pollutants and contaminants into the environment, which can harm the environment.
Compliance with regulatory requirements: wastewater treatment helps hospitals to comply with regulatory requirements, including those related to wastewater treatment.

Q10: What are the next steps for hospitals that want to implement wastewater treatment?

A10: The next steps for hospitals that want to implement wastewater treatment include:

Conduct a wastewater treatment needs assessment: a wastewater treatment needs assessment is essential for determining the type and extent of wastewater treatment required.
Develop a wastewater treatment plan: a wastewater treatment plan is essential for outlining the steps required to implement wastewater treatment.
Implement wastewater treatment: wastewater treatment is essential for protecting public health and the environment.